Research

Incorporating Procedural Fairness in Flag Submissions on Social Media Platforms

A large-scale experiment
to inform design
of flagging components.

Yunhee Shim and Shagun Jhaver (2026), “Incorporating Procedural Fairness in Flag Submissions on Social Media Platforms,” Accepted in ACM Transactions on Social Computing.

Abstract

Flagging mechanisms on social media platforms allow users to report inappropriate posts/accounts for review by content moderators. These reports are pivotal to platforms’ efforts toward regulating norm violations. This paper examines how platforms’ design choices in implementing flagging mechanisms influence flaggers perceptions of content moderation. We conducted a survey experiment asking US respondents (N=2,936) to flag inappropriate posts using one of 54 randomly assigned flagging implementations. After flagging, participants rated their fairness perceptions of the flag submission process along the dimensions of consistency, transparency, and voice (agency). We found that participants perceived greater transparency when flagging interfaces included community guidelines and greater voice when they incorporated a text box for open-ended feedback. Our qualitative analysis of open-ended responses highlights user needs for improved accessibility, educational support for reporting, and protections against false flags. We offer design recommendations for building fairer flagging systems without exacerbating the cognitive burden of submitting flags.

BibTeX citation

@article{shim-2026-flagging,
    author = {Shim, Yunhee and Jhaver, Shagun},
    journal = {ACM Transactions on Social Computing},
    title = {Incorporating Procedural Fairness in Flag Submissions on Social Media Platforms},
    year = {2026},
}